The Tribune

THE historic first round-the-world flight to be powered solely by the sun’s energy was completed yesterday in Abu Dhabi, from where the plane first took off on an epic 25,000-mile journey more than a year ago.

The Swiss-engineered Solar Impulse 2 has made 16 stops around the world without using a drop of fuel to demonstrate that using the plane’s clean technologies on the ground can halve the world’s energy consumption, save natural resources and improve quality of life.

After landing, pilot Bertrand Piccard was greeted outside the cockpit by his Solar Impulse partner and fellow pilot Andre Borschberg. They hugged and pumped their fists in the air. “The future is clean. The future is you. The future is now. Let’s take it further,” Piccard said, speaking to applause and cheers from a crowd that included Prince Albert of Monaco.

The aircraft is uniquely powered by 17,248 solar cells that transfer energy to four electrical motors that power the plane’s propellers. It runs on four lithium polymer batteries at night. The plane’s wingspan stretches 236 feet to catch the sun’s energy.

At around 5,070 pounds, the plane weighs about as much as a minivan or mid-sized truck. An empty Boeing 747, in comparison, weighs 400,000 pounds. To help steady it during takeoffs and landings, the plane was guided by runners and bicyclists.

Despite its historic mission, the Solar Impulse 2’s journey - which began in March, 2015 - was far from quick or problem-free. The pilots faced a nine-month delay a year ago after the plane’s batteries were damaged during a flight from Japan to Hawaii. It was also delayed for more than a week in Cairo before the final leg to the United Arab Emirates, when Piccard fell ill and due to poor weather conditions.

During its mission, Solar Impulse 2 completed more than 500 flight hours, cruising at an average speed of between 28mph and 56mph. It made stops in Oman, India, Myanmar, China, Japan, the United States, Spain, Italy, Egypt and the United Arab Emirates. Its North American stops included California, Arizona, Oklahoma, Ohio, Pennsylvania and New York.

The carbon-fibre plane is a single-seater, meaning its two Swiss pilots had to take turns flying solo for long days and nights. To calm their minds and manage fatigue during the long solo flights, Borschberg practiced yoga and Piccard self-hypnosis.

Borschberg said it is no longer a question of whether it’s possible to fly without fuel or polluting emissions. “By flying around the world thanks to renewable energy and clean technologies, we have demonstrated that we can now make our world more energy efficient,” he said.

The pilots would rest for a maximum of 20 minutes at a time, repeating the naps 12 times over each 24-hour stretch.

It took 70 hours for Piccard to cross the Atlantic Ocean, which was the first by a solar-powered airplane.

Borschberg’s flight over the Pacific Ocean at 118 hours - about five days and five nights - shattered the record for the longest flight duration by an aircraft flying solo.

Neither pilot was able to stand in the cockpit while flying, but the seat reclined for stretching and its cushion could be removed for access to a toilet. Goggles worn over the pilot’s eyes flashed lights to wake him up while armbands placed underneath their suits buzzed when the plane was not at flying level.

The plane also did not have a pressurised cockpit so Borschberg and Piccard could feel changes in temperature. ‘

The pilot’s blood oxygen levels were monitored and sent back to ground control in Monaco.

Hot temperatures in the Middle East caused thermals and turbulence that forced Piccard to fly longer periods with an oxygen mask as he piloted the final two-day leg of the trip from Egypt.

The project, conceived in 2003 by the two Swiss pilots, is estimated to have cost more than $100 million.

AYA BATRAWY

Associated Press